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9 Sheets-Sheet 9A J. JACKS.

OLIVER (No Model.)

No. 000,201. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

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PATENT' JONATHAN JAVCKS, OF IPSNVIOII, ENGLAND.

OLIVER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,201, dated March 8, 1898.

Application filed September l0, 1897. Serial No. 651,170. (No model.)

` To @ZZ whom. it may concern:

Beit known that I, J ONATHAN JAcKs, a subject of `the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Ipswich, in the county of Suffolk, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in that class of Hammers known as Olivers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention has for its object improvements in that class of hammers known as olivers, in order to enable a series of such hammers to be combined in the same machine and worked in such a manner that they may be all operated simultaneously or anyW one or more may be Jthrown out of action, while a lighter or heavier blow is enabled to be given by such hammers, as may be desired.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an oliver provided with three hammers. Fig. 1a is the remainder of Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view with some of the parts omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2a is the remainder of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan drawn on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a vertical section drawn on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation drawn on` the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are respectively a front elevation, a vertical cross-section, and a sectional plan of the clutch arrangement and some of the parts connected therewith for operating the hammers and throwing them into and out of action. Figs. 9, 10, and 1l are respectively an inner side elevation, a vertical cross-section, and a horizontal section of one of a pair of uprights carrying one of the hammer-spindles- Fig. 12 is a vertical section of the spring connection between one of the hammer-operating levers and its treadle-lever. Figs. 13 and 14. are two vertical sections, drawn at right angles to each other, of one of the hammer-steadying links. Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the tool-carryin gblock and levers for operating the work-releasing levers, and Fig. 151 is a partly-sectional view of the same parts. Fig. 16 is a side elevation of parts for regulating the strength of blow of one of the hammers. Figs. 6 to 14 are drawn on a larger scale than the other iigures.

In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.

a a2 a3 are the hammer-heads, which are carried by a series of parallel arms a4 a5 a6, fixed to parallel cross-spindles co7 as a9. Each spindle a7 a8 a is mounted in a separate pair of uprights b b in the following manner to enable the said spindles, and consequently the hammers, tobe adj ustedboth laterally and vertically: Each spindle is mounted at each end in a frame b' b2, suspended from its upper end by a pin b3, passing through a bearing at the lower end of a screw b4. This screw is carried by the cross-bar b5, with capability of adjustment by means of nuts U1. Each part of each frame b b2 is provided with intertting projections b1, and these are connected together by screws bs. These projections U1 are located within slots b9 in the uprights b, and screws 510, screwed into the uprights b, act upon the said projections b1 to adjust and x the frames l1 b2 and the hammer-spindle in the desired position. Lock-nuts Z911 act to prevent the accidental shifting of the screws Z910. The uprights l) of each pair are tied firmly together by rods Z912, and each pair of uprights is iirmly secured to the block o by tieebars 513, only one of which latter is shown to avoid confusion in the drawings. The several pairs of uprights are also connected with each other by bars Z914. A short arm c on each of said spindles a7 a8 a9 is connected by links c with a spring-pole c2 overhead, as usual. A longer arm d', d2, or cl3, on each of said spindles, is

connected by links d1 with a treadle-lever e1,

e2, or e3 near to the rear end of the latter, such links being formed in two parts, with an interposed spring d5, whereby they exert an elastic force on the hammers. The forward slotted ends of the treadle-levers e e2 e3 are mounted on a cross-shaft f with capability of rocking and sliding a short distance to and fro thereon.

I also provide means whereby the longer arms d cl2 cl3, and consequently the hammers, are caused to be steady in their motionthat is to say, as free as possible from vibration. For this purpose I connect each of the longer arms d d2 d3 with the rear end of its actuating treadle-lever by a link g, provided with a slot g', through which the correspond IOO .ing longer arm is passed.l A pin d6, passed such longer arm. Motion is given to these treadle-levers e e2 e3 by operating arms 7L, jointed thereto at e* and loosely mounted on a cross-shaft 0', to which a rocking motion is given from a crank j/ on a rotating shaft j, such crank j being connected by connectingrod t7'2 and lever 0" with said cross-shaft 7l. On this cross-shaft 0' .are mounted a series of clutches 2,havin g a short lost motion around such shaft, but immovable endwise thereof by means of pins 72, passed through the crossshaft and through slots 714 in the clutches 0'2. The operating arms 71, are provided with clutch-surfaces 7L to act in connection with said clutches. On the cross-shaft t' are also mounted a series of sliding wedges 70, one at one side of each operating arm 71.. These wedges 70 are capable,when desired, of being depressed by means of treadles 70 7a2 703 70" 1 7021, fixed on shafts 704 705 7011and connected to such wedges by levers 707 708 709 and links 701O to place their coactin g operating-arms h in connection with their respective clutches 2,while at other lated' from the side of the machine.

times the said wedges are raised by means of springs 7011 to enable their coasting operatingarms h to be automatically moved sidewise out of gear with their clutches 712 by the aforesaid springs 7011, acting, through the cross-bar 7012, springs 7013, and rods 7014, on crank-lever arms 7015, acting on one side of each of said operating-arms 7L. The treadles 70 702 703 are at the side of the machine,while the treadles 702* are at the front thereof. The clutches '72 are acted upon by springs 715 in such manner as to insure their being in proper position to clutch with the clutch-surfaces h of the operating arms 71. when the latter are moved sidewise for such purpose.

The weight of the blow of each hammer is regulatedvby limiting the height to which it is raised. One method of effecting this is as follows: The inner end of each of the treadlelevers e e2 e2 has jointed thereto a rack-bar 7,which at its rear end is slotted and capable of sliding to and fro and rocking on a Xed horizontal shaft 7. In connection with each of said rack-bars is a pawl 72, mounted loosely on a fixed horizontal spindle 72 or 74, one of said pawls being for convenience mounted on one shaft 73 and the other two on the shaft 74. These pawls are each operated by a lever 75, lixed on a separate horizontal' shaft 76, 77, or 72, which latter shafts are provided with levers 79, connected by pin-joints 710 to the turned-up end of treadle-levers 711712712-,loosely connected at 714 to the platform m, thus permitting the blow of each hammer to be regu- The Vfrom the front of the machine.

shafts 71 77 have also fixed on them two other levers 7922 connected by links 715 to treadlecrank levers 711i 711, by which the blow of their respective hammers a' a2' can be regulated The pawloperating levers 7L5 are connected with the pawls 72 by a pin in the one workingin aslot in the other.

The machine is provided with a bed n to hold the block o, in which are fitted the tools or dies for the hammers to strike on.

The work-releasing levers q have their operative arms located in slots oin the block o,

and such levers q are operated by means of levers p', fixed to a rocking shaft p, on which is fixed a lever 2 h avin0F ro'ections 2 connected by wire ropes p4 to each of the longer arms d C72 d3. f Y

In the drawings a bolt y is represented in position in one of the tools or dies 00. A rod ,c rests on each of the work-releasing levers q and is located in a hole in the block o, eX- tending downward from the aperture containing the die or tool a: to the slots o. Thus when a blow has been struck by either of the hammers one or other of the longer arms o7' 072 073 will by its wire rope p4 operate the lever p2, which latter by the levers p acts upon the work-releasing levers q and causes their operative arms to raise the rods z, which by striking against the lower part of the work in the tools or dies x releases such work from the latter and thereby prevents it from cooling too fast and from becoming fastened in the dies.

It is advantageous to have several hammers and dies in'combination with a single anvil, because the work can be shifted from one to the other more quickly and readily than by the use of a number of separate machines. Moreover, whichever hammer or hammers may be operated all the work-releasing tools are operated by it or them. n

-By the arrangement of parts as herein described one or more men may work either at the front or side thereof. It will be evident that the machine might in like manner be provided with more than three hammers or with only two hammers, and I would have it understood that the means for limiting the extent of motion of the hammers and for throwing the hammers into and out of, action may be variously arranged without departing from the peculiar character of my invention. f

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Inthat class of hammers 'known as olivers, the combination of a series of hammers connected to overhead spring-poles, a block fitted with tools for the hammers to strike on, means for adjusting the hammer-spindles both laterally and vertically, means for communicating motion to the hammers, means for regulating the strength of blow of the hammers, means for steadying the motion of the ham- IOO IIO

IIS

mers, and means for throwing the hammers into and out of action, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

2. In that class of hammers known as olivers, the combination of a series of hammers connected to overhead spring-poles, parallel cross-spindles on which the hammer-arms are separately fixed, separate pairs of uprights carrying the hammerspindles, and means for adjusting the position of the hammer-spindles both vertically and laterally in such uprights, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. In that class of hammers known as olivers, the combination of a series of hammers connected to overhead spring-poles, hammerspindles mounted in pairs of uprights, hammer-operating arms on such spindles, hammer-operating treadle-levers, spring connections from such hammer-operating arms to the treadle levers, treadle-lever-operating arms connected to the treadle-levers, a rocking cross-shaft on which the treadle-leveroperating arms are loosely mounted, clutches mounted on said cross-shaft and capable of slight motion around the same but immovable endwise thereof, corresponding clutchsurfaces on the bosses of the treadle-leveroperating arms, sliding wedges acting to force the treadle-lever-operating arms into connection with their clutches, rods and levers operated by springs to raise the wedges and move the treadle-lever-operating arms out of connection with their clutches, and treadles and connections therefrom t0 the said wedges to operate the same from either the front or side of the machine, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

1i. In that class of hammers known as olivers, the combination of a series of hammers connected to overhead spring-poles, means for operating the hammers, means for throwing the hammers into and out of action, and upwardly spring pressed rods bearing constantly against the under side of the hammeroperating arms to steady the motion of the hammers, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

5. In that class of hammers known as olivers, the combination of a series of hammers connected tooverhead spring-poles, treadlelevers for operating the hammers, means for throwing the hammers into and out of action, toothed racks connected with the treadlelevers, pawls acting in connection with such toothed racks for limiting the upward motion of the treadle-levers and consequently regulating the force of the blow of the hammer, and treadles and connections acting on said pawls either from the front or side of the machine, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

6. In that class of hammers known as olivers, the combination of a series of hammers connected to overhead spring-poles, means for operating the hammers, a tool-carrying block for the hammers to strike on, work-releasing levers mounted in said block, and levers connected to the hammer-operating arms and acting on the work-releasing levers, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JONATHAN JACKS.

Witnesses:

CLAUDE K. MrLLs, WM. GIRLING. 

